Earth Fault Loop Impedance Estimate
Estimate line-to-earth loop impedance, temperature-adjusted conductor resistance and fault current from user-entered source and conductor data.
Result
Formula
Calculation logicFormula definitions and substituted values.
Resistance temperature factor
1 + Resistance temperature coefficient (per C) * (Estimated conductor temperature (°C) - Resistivity reference temperature (C))
1 + Resistance temperature coefficient (per C) * (Estimated conductor temperature (°C) - Resistivity reference temperature (C))Cable Resistance
Conductor resistivity at reference temperature (ohm mm2/m) * One-way circuit length (m) * (1 / Line conductor area (mm2) + 1 / Protective conductor area (mm2)) * Resistance temperature factor
Conductor resistivity at reference temperature (ohm mm2/m) * One-way circuit length (m) * (1 / Line conductor area (mm2) + 1 / Protective conductor area (mm2)) * Resistance temperature factorEstimated loop resistance (Ω)
External loop resistance (ohm) + Cable Resistance
External loop resistance (ohm) + Cable ResistanceCable Reactance
Cable reactance per conductor (ohm/km) * One-way circuit length (m) * 2 / 1000
Cable reactance per conductor (ohm/km) * One-way circuit length (m) * 2 / 1000Estimated loop reactance (Ω)
External loop reactance (ohm) + Cable Reactance
External loop reactance (ohm) + Cable ReactanceEstimated loop impedance magnitude (Ω)
sqrt(Estimated loop resistance (Ω) ^ 2 + Estimated loop reactance (Ω) ^ 2)
sqrt(Estimated loop resistance (Ω) ^ 2 + Estimated loop reactance (Ω) ^ 2)Estimated line-to-earth fault current (A)
Line-to-earth voltage U0 (V) / Estimated loop impedance magnitude (Ω)
Line-to-earth voltage U0 (V) / Estimated loop impedance magnitude (Ω)Before relying on the result
- Estimating fault current at a circuit end
- Comparing a calculated loop with a measured value
- Review the estimated loop impedance and current against measured results and the applicable protective-device data.
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