Skip to content

Earth Fault Loop Impedance Estimate

Estimate line-to-earth loop impedance, temperature-adjusted conductor resistance and fault current from user-entered source and conductor data.

Inputs

Supply and circuit

Range: 1–1,000 V

Use the line-to-earth voltage for the fault-current basis, commonly 230 V in an Australian low-voltage single-phase circuit.

Range: 0–10 ohm

Enter measured or sourced external loop resistance up to the circuit origin, in ohms.

Range: 0–10 ohm

Enter sourced external loop reactance up to the circuit origin, in ohms.

Range: 0–10,000 m

The model applies this route length once to the line conductor and once to the protective conductor.

Range: 0.1–1,000 mm2

Enter the installed line-conductor cross-sectional area in mm².

Range: 0.1–1,000 mm2

Enter the installed protective-conductor cross-sectional area in mm².

Conductor properties

Range: 0.0001–1 ohm mm2/m

Enter the conductor material value from a traceable source; this illustrative copper value is not an AS/NZS table value.

Range: 0–0.02 per C

User-entered material coefficient. Verify it for the selected conductor.

Range: -50–200 C

Enter the temperature at which the supplied resistivity value applies.

Range: -50–250 °C

Use the temperature appropriate to the resistance estimate. The resulting temperature factor must remain positive.

Range: 0–10 ohm/km

Use cable-manufacturer data. Set to zero only when intentionally making a resistance-only estimate.

Result

Estimated line-to-earth fault current (A)
431.6
Estimated loop impedance magnitude (Ω)
0.5329
Estimated loop reactance (Ω)
0.0580
Estimated loop resistance (Ω)
0.5297
Resistance temperature factor
1.1965

Formula

Calculation logic

Formula definitions and substituted values.

Before relying on the result

  • Estimating fault current at a circuit end
  • Comparing a calculated loop with a measured value
  • Review the estimated loop impedance and current against measured results and the applicable protective-device data.

Related calculators

Review the estimated loop impedance and current against measured results and the applicable protective-device data.